Scores of human deaths, 1.6 million people displaced, above 70% of the population experiencing food shortages are just some of the facts about the war-torn South Sudan (SS). Even if such a profile cannot be compared with the 6 million + dead and world record breaker in rape cases that is the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) just south of the border, it is nevertheless saddening to think that the joys of independence of Africa’s youngest nation were short lived as SS found itself plunged into a deadly war between the sitting President Salva Kiir and his former/current deputy Riek Machar.
That said it is always a cause for celebration when wars, small or big, end or let us say when a truce is observed and gun fires fall silent. So, while admitting that SS has been a shattered dream, with a modicum of optimism, the Kenyan President Kenyatta described the recent peace deal between the warring parties as ‘all opportunity and no obstacles’ agreement. It is however human nature to want to see beyond the political razzmatazz and critically absorb some of the information that we are being bombarded with.
Firstly, President Salva signed the peace deal at the 11th hour after failing to convince the peace brokers to address his long list of reservations. As if anyone needed reminding that someone was not a willing signatory but perhaps being pressurised to commit to what otherwise could be described as ‘delay the war deal’.
Secondly, beyond the long term stability of the region, some of those ‘peace’ brokers such as Sudan, Uganda and Kenya had individual short term interests in getting this deal signed which earned the Sudanese President (omar al-Bashir) some positive press for a man who cannot leave his country without someone asking for him to be arrested and be transferred to the International Criminal Court; the Ugandan leader who after three decades in power is seeking another term and therefore keen to ward off criticism of life presidency by showing that he is still needed for the progress not only of his country but that of the region. Add to this are the reported (arms) sanctions that the Security Council and especially the US government were threating to put in place if the ‘Peace deal’ a.k.a ‘delay the war deal’ had not been signed.
Corned by a foray of multiple interests, the warring parties had to eat humble pie and not only sign on the dotted lines but also agree to share the national cake. Just to clarify, there are some good points that if implemented in good faith could transform SS: among other things there is the promise of ‘free and fair’ elections to be held 60 days prior to the 30 month long transition period elapses and most significantly the Truth, Reconciliation and Healing Commission that is to follow.
However, the reservations raised by President Salva Kiir over the ambiguity of the chain of command of the armed forces cannot be dismissed especially when you have warring parties who clearly have not wholeheartedly gotten fed up with further bloodshed and perhaps scheming to outsmart each other.
But may be the clue is in President Museveni’s words when he said ‘this is the wrong war fought in the wrong place and at the wrong time’, suggesting perhaps that ‘there is a right war fought in the right place at the right time’. Let us hope that he wasn’t referring to Uganda’s own wars imposed on other people elsewhere (the DRC for instance) in recent history. But in reference to South Sudan, only President Salva Kiir and his deputy Riek Machar can prove the doubters wrong that this was a true ‘Peace deal’. However, two and half months down the line since the deal was signed, news report from Africa’s youngest nation suggests that ‘former’ foes are stockpiling arms feeding into the suspicion that this may have just been a ‘delay the war deal’. Cometh the hour, cometh the man and Africa and indeed the world will not forgive you for anything less than Peace, true democracy and development for the people!
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